Archive for March 10th, 2009

China Travel – Qinglian Temple

Tuesday, March 10th, 2009

Qinglian Temple is located at Lingshi Mountain, 17.5 kilometers southeast of Jingcheng City, Shanxi Province.

Perfectly in line with the geomantic omen of facing the mountain with the back to the water in ancient China, Qinglian Temple oversees Lindan River and leans on a tall mountain. A stone tablet on the mountain contains inscriptions from 543 during the Eastern Wei period. The temple is divided into the old and new Qinglian Temple, built in 552 in the Northern Qi and the Sui (581-618)-Tang (618-907) periods respectively.

Main constructions at the temple – all symmetrically distributed — include the God Hall, Scriptures Storage Building, Sakyamuni Hall, Arhat Hall, Underground Treasure Building and Lecture Hall, and monasteries. The grand Sakyamuni Hall has a hanging eaved gable and hip roof built in a style typical of the Song Dynasty (960-1279). A Sakyamuni statue sits in the hall with his two followers, Manjusri and Samantabhadra Bodhisattvas. Lifelike statues of gods — 15 arhats, the Bodhisattvas and Yama Raja – are housed in the east and west buildings. A flat-topped cliff towers over the temple in the east. To the south is the Kuanyue Pavilion, which contains inscriptions by poets and scholars on its inner walls. The inscriptions suggest the pavilion was built during the Song Dynasty. South of the temple in the main hall is a stone tablet with a carving of a Buddhist temple of the Tang Dynasty, which is of great historic architectural value.

(Source: chinaculture.org)

Chinese Conversation – lesson 376

Tuesday, March 10th, 2009

这是迄今为止一项规模最大的关于城市污染的研究所得出的结论。这项研究长达16年,对50万美国人进行了跟踪调查。研究表明,交通污染影响的严重性远远超过人们的担忧。

That’s the conclusion of the biggest study into city pollution to date, which tracked half a million Americans for 16 years. It suggests the impact is far greater than feared.

(Source: wwenglish.com)

Chinese Culture – Official Script

Tuesday, March 10th, 2009

Lishu (official script) is developed from wild writing of Liuwen, a kind of calligraphy that is round in shape and has too many strokes. Because writing in Liuwen is time-consuming, people usually tended to write a little more wildly and changed orderly arced strokes into relatively flat and straight in informal occasions. Li calligraphy came into being in the Qin State of the late Warring States Period (475-221BC) and gradually became popular.

Lishu includes three types — Qin Li of the Qin Dynasty (221-206BC), Han Li of the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD) and Bafen calligraphy. Qin Li refers to the simplified characters adopted for use during the reign of Qin Emperor Shihuang. By the Han Dynasty, the calligraphy in daily life was Lishu but its shape and handwriting got much development. Bafen calligraphy refers to the 80% style, which contracts the lesser seal calligraphy by a subtraction of 20%.

In fact, the simplified Chinese characters popular in the Qin Dynasty emerged before Qin Emperor Shihuang unified the eight calligraphic styles. According to archeological findings, characters on some wooden plates and bamboo pieces from the Warring States Period and weapons, and lacquers and potteries from the Qin Dynasty were simpler than the Zhuan (seal script). The shape of the Chinese characters changed from round to square and the strokes tend to be wave-shaped. This was the beginning of Lishu.

The emergence of Lishu is an important reform in Chinese calligraphy. It ended the 3,000-year history of archaic Chinese characters and replaced them with a simpler writing form. Signs and designs almost disappeared, and characters became solely symbols.

Source: chinaculture.org