Archive for November 21st, 2008

Beijing Olympic – Metro on track for Shanghai 2010 Expo rush hour

Friday, November 21st, 2008

Shanghai’s Metro network is expanding at an astonishing pace and is expected to cover 1.56 million square meters by 2010.

City planners envisage a world-class service, integrating the airport, expressway, rail, Metro and magnetic levitation line (Maglev), geared to handle a daily capacity of 1.1 million people.

The subway now occupies 320,000 square meters of space in Shanghai, experts said yesterday at the 2007 Forum on Chinese City Under-Space.

Urban construction experts and scholars from across the country discussed plans and hot issues on developing underground infrastructure at the forum’s opening in Shanghai.

According to Ying Minghong, chairman of Shanghai Shentong Metro Group, by the end of this year the Metro will occupy 680,000 square meters of underground space in the city.

“Shanghai has five Metro lines in operation, but by the end of this year there will be eight lines covering more than 230 kilometers with 163 Metro stations,” Ying said.

“By 2010, Shanghai will have 11 Metro lines, totaling more than 400 kilometers with 274 stations.

“Metro lines 12 and 13 will be built by 2012, when the Metro transportation network will cover more than 500 kilometers.”

The Metro network now handles 16 percent of the city’s overall public transport volume.

The development and utilization of underground space in the city has exceeded 16 million square meters, occupying 2.7 percent of the Shanghai central downtown area which is 600 square kilometers.

Miu Yuning, an expert in the under-space design department of the Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute, said the Hongqiao integrated transport hub would be completed by the end of 2009 and be operating for the 2010 World Expo.

The facility, near the Hongqiao International Airport, will start from the Outer Ring Road in the east to Huaxiang Road in the west, stretching from Beidi Road in the north to the Huqingping Highway in the south, covering a floor area of 26.26 square kilometers.

 (Source: en.beijing2008.cn)

China Travel – Wanbu Huayanjing Pagoda

Friday, November 21st, 2008

The Wanbu Huayanjing Pagoda is located in the southeast of Baita Village in the east suburb of Hohhot City of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Commonly called White Pagoda, the Wanbu Huayanjing Pagoda was said to be built in Emperor Shengzong’s reign (983 — 1031) of the Liao Dynasty (916-1125). With an octagonal plane, the pagoda has seven storeys and is 45.18 meters high. It has a high pedestal, with supine lotuss on the top, and there are spiral stairs inside and you can climb up to look far into the distance. There are two half-round arches and two square false doors on each floor. The first and second floors enshrine figures of Heavenly Kings, Hercules, and Bodhisattvas. Carved adeptly, these vivid statues are excellent artworks in the Liao Dynasty. There used to be nine contribution steles built in the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234) embedded in the first floor, but now only six remain extant. Multi-layer interlaced beams on the inner and outer walls and the center form a complete wooden frame.

The bricks on its surface were carved with fine pictures. Inside you can find many scriptures written in different languages including Chinese, Tibetan, Mongolian, and the languages of Nuzhen, Khitan and other ethnic groups that demonstrate that each ethnic group has associated and exchanged culture with each other for a long time. 

 

 

(Source: chinaculture.org)

Chinese Culture – Mausoleum of the Prince of Zhongshan

Friday, November 21st, 2008

 

Mausoleum of the Prince of State of Zhongshan, Warring States Period (475-221BC)

 

Location: Pingshan County, Hebei Province

 

Period: 4th century BC

 

Excavated from 1974 to 1978

 

Significance: It has enriched the understanding of the history and cultures of the State of Zhongshan.

 

 Introduction

 

Tombs of the Warring States can be represented by the Zhongshan Imperial Mausoleum in Pingshan, Hebei Province. It belongs to the Zhongshan State in the middle period of the Warring States era. Although it is an incomplete tomb, from the piece of copper plate unearthed from the tomb carved with the layout of the mausoleum, we still can see the original planning intention.

Bronze object in the shape of character “山” (mountain): probably as piece of building (up, height 119 cm); Polished black pottery zun with incised design: wine vessel (bottom-left, height 41.2 cm); Polished black pottery ding (a three-legged or four-legged cauldron) with incised design: cooking vessel (bottom-right, height 27.8 cm); Panorama of the mausoleum carved on the bronze and inlaid with gold and silver: plan of the mausoleum (in the background, length 96 cm, width 48 cm)

 

Its restored original shape and structure are encircled by two rings of horizontal rectangular walls. Inside is a horizontal rectangular earth platform, stretching more than 310 meters from east to west, and about five meters high. On the platform are five royal family houses respectively for worshipping the king, two queens and two wives. The three houses in the middle are the houses of the king and two queens, their plane being 52 x 52 (meters) respectively; the two houses on the left and right sides for the wives are smaller and their position retreat somewhat to the back. The five royal houses are three-storied dais structures with a rammed earth platform. Below the house in the middle is a platform some one meter high. The structure is the highest, standing more than 20 meters.

 

The whole group of structures is magnificent, even and symmetrical. The highest imperial hall on the axial line is the construction center; the back hall and the houses for the wives are lower in order, so that the center becomes more prominent and the primary and secondary parts more evident.

 

Although the Zhongshan Imperial Mausoleum is encircled by walls, the dais structures within tower above them on all four sides, making the extroverted character very evident. The earth-covered platform raises the height of the complex of buildings, so that the imperial mausoleum can be seen from afar.

 

More than 19,000 funerary articles were unearthed in the mausoleum, including bronze ritual vessels, pottery vessels, and lacquer, etc., most of which are of great artistic value and a good help to study the history and cultures of Zhongshan State.

Source: chinaculture.org