Archive for November 9th, 2008

Beijing Olympic – Shanghai maglev rail route may detour to avoid residences

Sunday, November 9th, 2008

The planners of the Shanghai-Hangzhou magnetic levitation (maglev) rail project will design the proposed route to avoid residential buildings and lessen the impact of radiation upon people, according to a municipal government official.

“The maglev project has basically two environmental effects: noise and magnetic radiation,” said Zhang Quan, deputy director of the Shanghai Environmental Bureau.

“Based on many scientific tests and appraisal of the completed maglev rail, we found it posed almost no radiation impact beyond three to five meters,” Zhang told reporters at the municipal government’s regularly scheduled press conference on Wednesday.

A maglev train generates high levels of noise at speeds exceeding 200 kilometers per hour. “A possible solution for the noise problem may be slowing the train in downtown areas and speeding it up when it leaves urban districts,” said Zhang.

Zhang said that the project was still in the planning phase and the final design was subject to approval.

Approved by the central government in March 2006, the 175-km Shanghai-Hangzhou maglev rail project is estimated to cost 35 billion yuan (4.5 billion U.S. dollars). Trains will be able to reach a speed of 450 km per hour.

The basic design specifies that the maglev will run southwest from the existing maglev station in Shanghai’s financial center. It will go to the Shanghai World Expo venue and cross the Huangpu River, then travel to the Shanghai Southern Railway Station.

From there, a double track is planned, with the northern route leading to Hongqiao International Airport and the southern route linking Jiaxing and Hangzhou cities by following the Shanghai-Hangzhou expressway.

Work was suspended in May after residents along the proposed route raised concerns about possible health effects. Scientists and various organizations have also questioned the environmental impact.

(Source: en.beijing2008.cn)

China Travel – Ancient Observatory

Sunday, November 9th, 2008

The Ancient observatory is located at the southwest corner of the Janguomen intersection in Dongcheng District, Beijing City.

The Ancient Observatory, built in the Yuan Dynasty (1271 — 1368), is a famous ancient astronomical observatory whose original name is the Sitiantai. It was destroyed in the war when the ruler of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) seized hold of Beijing City. The remains were sent to be preserved in Nanjing. In the seventh year (1422) of the Zhengtong reign during the Ming Dynasty, it was rebuilt and then renamed the Star-Observation Platform. A set of apparatuses were reproduced and buildings like the Ziwei Hall and Loufang House, etc., were rebuilt In the Chongzhen reign (1629 — 1638), Xu Guangqi and Li Tianjing made several apparatuses, such as the Plane Solarium, the Hou’s Clock, telescope and sandglass, etc. In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), some more apparatus were added , and the Star-Observation Platform was renamed as the Observatory.

The Ancient Observatory is a brick hathpace building transformed from the Southeast Turret of the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). In the Ming Dynasty, there were huge copper apparatuses such as armillary sphere and celestial globe, etc., on the platform and the Ziwei Hall, and clepsydra house, solarium hall installed with apparatuses such as gnomon, clepsydra and so on. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the technologies of western countries were used to make the apparatuses as celestial body instrument, equator theodolite, ecliptic theodolite, quadrant instrument, altazimuth, etc. These apparatuses bear a style in the times of Louis 14th in France with a particular taste in both shape and decorative patterns, which are still displayed on the Ancient Observatory.

The astronomical apparatuses of the Ming Dynasty are treasured up in the Zijinshan Planetarium and the Nanjing Museum respectively. The Ancient Observatory is a historic evidence for the great astronomical achievements in ancient China. It is famous far and wide for its long history and the well-preserved apparatuses and equipment. 

(Source: chinaculture.org)

Chinese Culture – Xingan Tomb

Sunday, November 9th, 2008

 

Enormous tomb in the Shang Dynasty (17th century-11th century BC)

 

Location: Xin’gan County, Jiangxi Province

 

Period: About 12th century BC

 

Excavated in 1989

 

Double-sided bronze head of man or god: function unknown (up, height 53 cm); Rectangular ding (a three-legged or four-legged cauldron) with tiger’s ears and nipple design: cooking vessel or ritual vessel (left, height 97 cm); Jade mask of god or man: function unknown (in the background, height 16.2 cm)

Significance: It has disclosed the features of the bronze civilization and burial systems of the nobles in the Yangtze River valley during the Shang Dynasty.

 

 Introduction

 

The Xingan Tomb is a large Shang tomb at Xingan, Jiangxi Province, famous for its bronze culture. Up to now, 1,361 pieces of relics like bronze, pottery, stoneware and jade have been unearthed, among which 475 pieces are ritual bronzes.

 

Among the vessels from this tomb, the Ding vessels account for more than half of the total. Comparison with their counterparts in the Zhengzhou Erligang phase and the Anyang Yin period shows that the bronzes from Xingan distinctly differ from those in the Central Plains, as the main vessel type at Xingan is the Ding, and in the Central Plains, the Gu and Jue wine vessels.

 

The Xingan Ding has a variety of forms, with the flat-legged Ding constituting the major group, thus suggesting that this subtype might have developed first in the south. The Xingan Ding often bears tiger-shaped decorations on its two handles, and this seems to be an indication of totemism among the local ethnic groups. Chronologically, the Xingan Ding roughly corresponds to the late Zhengzhou Erligang Period.

Source: chinaculture.org