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旁白:中国的四大发明
China’s four great inventions
一直是每一个中国人的骄傲。
always make every Chinese proud.
造纸术、火药、
Papermaking, gunpowder
指南针、活字印刷,
the compass and removable-
type printing,
这几样发明对人类文明的发展
these inventions have played
a great propelling
起到了巨大的推动作用。
role in the development of
human civilization.
今天,我们就要去瑞安的东源村,
Today we’re going to visit
Dongyuan Village of Ruian
见识一下古老的活字印刷术。
to take a look at the age-old
removable-type printing technique.
王渊源:好,好。大家别急啊。
Okay, okay. Take it easy.
别急啊。肯定会特别好啊。
Take it easy. It’ll be definitely
very good.
别急。要不先让一下。
But be patient. Allow me
to pass, please.
先让一下。好。
Excuse me. Oh, thanks.
韩佳: 渊源,
Yuanyuan,
你今天怎么这么神气呀?
why are you looking so
cocky today?
王渊源:什么气?我没生气呀!
What “qi”? I am not
angry at all!
韩佳: 我没说你生气。
I didn’t say you are angry.
我说你神气。
I said you are cocky.
“神气”就是指像渊源现在这样,
“Shenqi”, just like the way
Yuanyuan looks,
自以为优越,而表现出得意
means to be cocky,
或者是骄傲的样子来。
haughty or arrogant.
王渊源:“神气”
So “shenqi”
指自以为优越,而表现出得意的样子。
here means cocky.
韩佳: 那我们举个例子来说吧。
Let’s explain with an example.
Tā kàn shang qu tèbié shénqi
他 看 上 去 特别 神气。
He looks very cocky.
王渊源:哎,韩佳,我这不是神气。
Oh, Han Jia, I am not cocky.
我这是高兴啊。
I’m really very happy.
韩佳: 高兴?
Happy?
那你为什么高兴啊?
Why are you so happy?
王渊源:因为我在这个东源村
Because I’ve learned the removable-type
学会了活字印刷术。
printing technique at Dongyuan Village.
所以他们都在这儿
That’s why they are all here,
想看我的表演呢。
wanting to see my demonstration.
韩佳: 真的啊?那你赶快啊。
Really? Show us quickly.
王渊源:好,没问题。
Okay, no problem.
好,留神啊。看好了啊。
Well, be attentive. Look clearly.
先这样。
First, like this.
再这样。
Then, like this.
再这样。
And then like this.
好了。
All right.
你看,大功告成了!
Look, it’s all done!
韩佳: 啊,完了?
What, all done?
王渊源:对呀。
Yeah.
韩佳: 那还有排版啊、刻字啊。
You haven’t shown us typesetting
and type-cutting yet.
王渊源:这些啊我还没来得及学呢。
All this I haven’t had a chance
to learn yet.
韩佳: 那你呀趁今天这个机会
Then you should take this
opportunity today
好好地学一学吧。
to learn it in real earnest.
渊源,那你对活字印刷术
Yuanyuan, how much do
you know
又了解多少呢?
about removable-type printing?
王渊源:我知道它是中国的四大发明之一。
I know it is one of China’s four
great inventions.
韩佳; 嗯。那你知道
Yes. Then do you know
它是什么时候发明的呀?
when it was invented?
王渊源:不知道。
No, I don’t know.
韩佳: 那你知道它是谁发明的呢?
Do you know who invented it?
王渊源:也不知道。
No, neither.
韩佳: 那你知道…
Then do you know …
王渊源:韩佳,
Han Jia,
我看咱们还是理论联系实际吧。
I think we should relate theory
to practice.
我一边动手做,
While I work with my hands,
你一边告诉我这些知识吧?
could you explain the knowledge
to me?
韩佳: 那好吧。
Okay.
渊源刚才说到的“联系”啊
Yuanyuan just said “lianxi”.
在这里是个动词,
Here it is a verb,
指事物之间接上关系。
meaning to relate or link.
王渊源:“联系”指事物之间接上关系。
So “lianxi” means to integrate,
relate or link.
韩佳: 举个例子来说吧。
Let’s explain with an example.
Wǒmen yīnggāi lǐlùn liánxi shíjì
我们 应该 理论 联系 实际。
We should relate theory to practice.
活字印刷术呢,
Removable-type printing
是在北宋的时候
was invented by a man called
Bi Sheng
大约九百多年前吧,
in the Northern Song Dynasty
由一位叫毕升的人发明的。
some 900 years ago.
你看,在这里呢
Here you can see
可以看到活字印刷术的全过程。
the entire removable-type printing technique.
首先呢,要把木头切成这样的小方块。
First, cut wood into a small block
like this.
然后呢,在上面用毛笔反着写字。
Then, write on it with brush
a character in reverse.
最后再把它刻出来。
And last cut out the character.
这样呢一个字模就做好了。
Thus a type has been made.
王渊源:这看起来也不是很难嘛。
It doesn’t look very difficult.
韩佳: 谁说的。
You are wrong.
光是反着写字这一项
Just the skill of writing
in reverse
就会难倒很多人。
would baffle a lot of people.
王渊源:这可不一定。你看我的,
It may not be true. Look,
倒着刻。
I can cut in reverse.
你看怎么样?
What do you think?
韩佳: 你倒会挑字啊!
You’re so good at choosing characters!
挑了个最简单的。
You chose one of the simplest.
王渊源:看起来还不错呢!
It doesn’t look bad, eh!
这回算是真正学会了活字印刷术了。
Now I’ve really learned the removable-
type printing technique.
韩佳: 还没完呢。
That’s not all.
一篇文章或者是一本书
A piece of writing or a book
要用到成千上万个汉字。
would need tens of thousands
of Chinese types.
那你怎么样才能够快速地
How can you pick out
very quickly
找出你想要的字来呢?
all the types you need?
王渊源:哟,还真是啊!
Yeah, indeed!
这么多字模,
There are so many printing
types here that
我的眼睛都看花了。
they just look blurred to me.
这怎么挑啊?
How could I pick out the types
I need?
韩佳: 别着急嘛。
Take it easy.
这东源村的师傅们知道一套口诀。
Typesetters in Dongyuan all know
a pithy rhyme.
只要按照这套口诀去挑字模,
As long as you pick types
according to the thyme,
又快又准。
you’ll pick both quickly
and correctly.
王渊源:那这位师傅,
That gentleman,
您能不能教我一下呢?
can you teach me this rhyme?
嘉宾: 这行啊。
Sure.
王渊源:好。
Thanks.
嘉宾: 它呢很长。
The rhyme is very long.
第一句,
The first sentence …
你跟着我。
follow me, please.
王渊源:好。
Okay.
嘉宾: 第一句,君王立殿堂。
The first sentence: “Jun wang
li dian tang.”
王渊源:君王立殿堂。
“Jun wang li dian tang.”
嘉宾: 朝辅尽纯良。
“Chao fu jin chun liang.”
韩佳: 看来啊这渊源是有得学喽!
It seems Yuanyuan surely
has a lot to learn!
王渊源:背了半天,
After a long time,
总算是把这口诀给背下来了。
I’ve finally managed to memorize
this rhyme.
韩佳: 那你现在也算是
Now you’ve basically
勉强学会活字印刷术了。
mastered the removable-type
printing technique.
王渊源:真是不容易啊!
It was no easy job!
哎,对了,韩佳,
Oh yeah, Han Jia,
这东源村怎么这么多人
why are so many people in
Dongyuan all
都会活字印刷术呢?
capable of the removable-type
printing technique?
韩佳: 东源村的村民啊,
Dongyuan villagers have been engaged
很早就开始用活字印刷术
in removable-type printing since
an early time,
帮别人印制家谱了。
printing genealogical books.
直到今天啊,
Till today,
还有很多人在从事这项工作。
there are still many engaged
in this type of work.
所以呢
So
活字印刷术在这里,
the removable-type printing technique
就一代一代地流传下来了。
is able to be passed down from
generation to generation here.
王渊源:哦,原来是这样的。
Oh, I see.
这门技术现在可真是不多见了。
This type of technique is rarely
seen nowadays.
韩佳: 嗯。
Yes.
而且这里活字印刷术的步骤,
The removable-type printing
procedures here
跟古书上记载的一模一样。
are exactly the same as those
recorded in ancient books.
王渊源:哎。韩佳刚才说的“一模一样”
Yes. Han Jia just said “yi mu
yi yang”
就是指完全相同,没什么两样。
means to be exactly alike.
韩佳: 嗯。“一模一样”呢
Yes. “Yi mu yi yang”
就是指完全相同,没什么两样。
means exactly the same or
exactly alike.
王渊源:既然是这样,
That being the case,
我要再多刻几个字
I want to cut a few
more characters
印出来留个纪念。
and print them out as
a souvenir.
韩佳: 嗯。那我们就先来看看
Yeah. But we’d better take
a look
今天的赏心悦目吧。
at today’s Feast for the Eyes first.
赏心悦目:
瑞安东源村是著名的活字印刷村
Dongyuan Village of Rui’an is a removable-type
printing village.
中国四大发明之一的活字印刷术
Removable-type printing, one of China’s four
great inventions,
至今在村中保留使用
is still kept intact in this village.
古老的木活字制作技术
The old wooden removable-type making technique
与传统的印刷工艺
as well as the traditional printing technique
在村中代代流传
has been passed down from generation
to generation,
也使这门古老的技术
making this ancient craft
成为古代文明的活化石
a living fossil of ancient civilization.
王渊源:来看看我的作品。
Come and take a look at
my work.
韩佳: 嗯。一看就知道是你做的。
Yeah. At first sight, I know
it’s yours.
王渊源:你都能看出来啊
The fact that you can
tell it’s mine
那说明我做得还是不错的。
shows that I did it pretty well.
韩佳: 这上面这些字啊都是反的。
All these characters are
printed in reverse.
能看不出来嘛?
How can’t I tell it’s yours?
王渊源:啊,不可能吧。
Ah, it’s impossible.
韩佳: 好了好了,
Well, well,
我还是来给大家出今天的有奖问答题吧。
I’d better set today’s award-winning
question.
您听好了。
Listen carefully.
(问题部分略)
好了,你就别看了。
Well, don’t look at it any more.
看看我给你做吧。
Look how I do it for you.
王渊源:不服不行啊。
I’m convinced.
(Source: cctv.com)